Plastic molding machine



Aug. 30, 1949. R. M. ALDEN kPLASTIC MOLDING MACHINE 5 sheets-sheet 2 Filed NOV. 16, 1944 III Ill m: mv 9J.

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PLASTIC MOLDING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Nov. 16, 1944 mvENToR RAYMOND M. ALDEN ATTORNEYS Aug. 30, l949. R M. ALBEN PLASTIC MOLDING MACHINE 5 sheets-sheet 4 Filed Nov. 16, 1944 mvENToR RAYMOND M. ALDEN v BY I A C Y ATTORNEYS Aug. 3o, 1949. R. M. ALBEN 2,480,313

PLASTIC MOLDING MACHINE I Filed Nov. 16, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 236 77 FoRwARo Hf F. k llo 293 2'0: 3y/ k87 juw cToR b R TURN 294 2|4c ,2 27|L we 20d MOLD.

J EoRwARD cuRlNG 230e EN 2952 M -EoRN 35,@ /208b FoRwD. fl f 10| 1,/

237? `L/n/IOI RREFORM 2409 253W t I\/RETURN 245h n@ IAF 2522) fw5Oi 253i, |06 L f 255J |2|2 t PREHEAT l alle 'T TlMER 256J 5- 26| -Low 2 2 260k Law y L 3 e 265m 272 SAFETY TIMER 276 l uf p 275p Y 280r JI; 262K 'Vi lNv'ENToR RAYMOND M. ALDEN RYV QW XML .ATTORNEYS atentecl ug. 30, 194

UNITED STATES PATIENT orifice andere PLASTIC MoVLDmGMnoHINE l Raymond M. A1denRoekfori,-` Ill. f Application November 16, 194.4,l sei-iai No.. 563,635

19 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus for the automatic molding of plastics such as thermoplastic materials and thermosetting plastic materials. While the apparatus herein shown is especially adapted for the use of thermosettin-g materials practically all .thermoplastic types of materials with the exception of polystyrene may housed, this latter material being unsuited for the process and apparatus because it does not respond to the high frequency heating which is employed in this invention.

One. of the objects of this invention. is to provide new and improved apparatus for the automaticA molding of plastic whereby to effect substantial vsaving of time and increase in production over the prior practice. In furtherance of thisv general object, my invention contemplates Ythe provision'of novel combinations of apparatus for automatically handling the plastic material through cycles of operations including measuring or weighing the material, preforming the measuring material intov pellets, subjecting the preform to heating by high frequency induction to a .condition suitable for immediate molding, passage oi the heated pellet directly to the moldin-g operation,.and discharge of the molded article, these operations being performed in overlapping sequence whereby the. improved production is obtained.

Another object of my invention is to provide l improved apparatus for automatically molding plastic materials including facilities for preheating the material in pellet form by lhigh frequency in .a particularly advantageous manner.

.Another object of my invention is to improve the molding of plastic materials vby .the elimination of the breakage of small core pins and the dislocation of small inserts, which frequently occur. when thermosetting materials are used in the ordinary compression molding process. Under the usual conditions of compression molding the small core pins are forced through a mass of granular or semiplastic material during the clos.- ing ofthe mold and are easily broken ordislccated. In the execution. of many compression molding tasks, certain core pins, however much desired, must be omitted'because of the probability of their breakage or dislocation, thus requiring subsequently .a drilling operation .in the molded produ-ct which could have heenavoi'ded if the f core pins. withoutdanser of'breakagejer vdisIoca-'g tionof the pins.. Thermoplastc materials may also. bomoldcd with the machine of the inventionby controlling' tlieprehcating ofl the pellets in accordance. with the characteristics of the particular plastic material used. Another advantage residing in the present invention is that more accurate castings in general may he made in accordance with the invention than could be made under .ordinary compression molding practice.

Another object and advantage of the inventionis to make possible the satisfactory molding of .thicker Sections than is ordinarily practical in compression type molding practice.

v`lfurther object and advantage of the invention is the rapid production of molded products of uniform quality assuredloy the automatic control of the moldingmachine.,

A'further object of the invention is to provide an improved .plastic molding machine in which preicrrned pellets are heated in such marmer as to .render them f l'eoly moldable before entering the clics whereby substantially less pressure is required in the 'molding operation than is needed in prior commercial machines. A .A iurthcr object is to provide apparatus cmpodying improvements .of the character described which. may be incorporated in a machine having either Yautorniatlc or manual control.

A further object is to provide improved control mechanism for an automatic plastic molding mochne. l

(other objects and advantages of the invention will .pea-llcded to'hereinaftcr or should. become apparent from a perusal of the following .specilioat'ion wherein a oreicrred .form oi the invention is dlsclosedand described.

the drawings ig.v 1 is a schematic layout of the apparatus .andcontrol system therefor;

' g. 2 is a View partly in .Section Showing the principal operative portions olf the measuring, preiormine, nrcheatine, andmoldins apparatus;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged' sectional View of a portion of the same apparatus;

4 isa tonv plan view of the machine;

Fis. 5 is an end elevation ofthe machine as viewed trom the .right hand end oi Fie, 4.; Fie. 6" is a partial sectional View on a plane through the line A AV of' Fife. 2;

Fig. 'l is a partial sectional view on a vertical plone thrcugliV the line/B-floi Fis, 2;v and Fife.' 8 is a schematicv drawing of the electrical control system oscdr the machine,

The apparatus, preferably, includes. a device for measuring a charge of plastic material in powdered, or granular, or beaded condition. Y However, my invention contemplates the provision of a predetermined charge of the material obtained by weighing as distinguished from measuring. For example, when my invention is used with materials of a kind which are not readily measured, such as fabric base materials, cotton flock materials, and some mineral lled materials, an automatic weighing of such materials would be performed in place of automatic measuring of the charge. In the present illustrative embodiment the measured charge is dropped into a cylinder where it is compressed sufficiently to form' a compact preform This preform will contain enough material for filling simultaneously one or more mold cavities into which it is later injected after heating. The preform is then dropped into a pre-heating chamber where it is subjected to high frequency heating at controlled temperatures for a controlled time interval to make the preform suciently plastic to permit its ready injection into the mold cavity or cavities, while avoiding, in the case of thermosetting materials, such temperature and lapse of time as would cause the material to set prior to injection. After preheating, the preform is then injected under high pressure into the mold and maintained there under pressure until the plastic material has set.

Referring now to the drawing and particularly Figs. 1 and 3, a hopper I retains a supply of the plastic material in powdered form. Immediately below the port 2 of the hopper is a tubular chamber 3 of square cross section in which is positioned the measuring device. This includes a reciprocable member having a head plate 4 to which a shaft 5 is secured.

Referring to Fig. 3, a pair of side plates, one of which such as 6 is shown, extend toward the open end of the chamber 3 and carry between them at a fixed position a partition 1 through which extends a threaded shaft 8 having a knurled nut 9 on the end thereof. The forward end of the shaft 9 is rotatably secured to a movable partition I'I, which has formed integrally therewith a top plate I2 and a bottom' plate I3, these plates being adapted to slide against the top and bottom of the elongated chamber 3. By adjusting the shaft 8 and its threaded connection with the partition 'I and locking it with the lock nut I4, the operator may thus vary the space between the partition II and the head plate 4 so that later when the plunger 5 moves the measuring device toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 3, until the open space between plates 4 and II uncovers the port 2 in the hopper, the amount of space between these two vertical plates will, obviously, determine the amount of plastic material which may fall down into the measuring chamber. Subsequently, when the shaft 5 restores the measuring device to the position shown in Fig. 3, the hopper port will be closed by top plate I2, and the measured charge of plastic material will be moved to the left and dropped downwardly through the tubular chute I5.

Without reference for the present to the contrcl system which regulates the sequence of operations, the preforming and preheating of the plastic material will now be described. The measured charge dropping through the chute I5 falls into a cylindrical chamber I3 which is axially aligned with a stripper chamber I1, the latter being slidably positioned upon a cylindrical anvil I8 which abuts a heavy wall I9 and is anchored therein by a reduced portion 2I of the anvil extending through the wall I9 and being locked therein at the opposite side by a nut 22. The stripper I1 may be slid along the anvil I8 toward the left (Fig. 3) by means of rod 23 which extends into the hollow interior of the anvil and is connected with the stripper chamber by a pin 24 extending through the rod, through a slot 25 in the anvil and thence into the stripper.

A preform pressure cylinder 26, in which reciprocates a double acting piston (not shown), connected with the hydraulic pressure supply, serves to propel a preform piston rod 21, at the proper time, toward the left (Fig. 3) in the chamber I6 to force the measured charge of plastic material against the anvil I8 thus compressing it to a preformed cylindrical pellet having sufcient internal cohesion to retain its form thereafter.

Immediately below the position where the pellet is preformed is a chute 28 leading to a preheating chamber 29 into which the pellet drops as the rod 23, in the sequence of operations draws the stripper cylinder I1 toward the left.

On opposite sides of the preheating chamber, as shown in Fig. 6, is arranged a pair of plates 3l and 32 to which are connected cables 33 and 34 leading from a source of hi-gh frequency current used for the heating of the pellet. The curved plates 3| and 32 are arranged in relation to the diameter of the pellet so that they are in close proximity, though not usually in actual contact with the pellet, thus allowing for a slight expansion of the pellet which may be expected during its preheating. Whether the heating plates be in actual contact and resiliently mounted, or slightly spaced, makes little difference as in any event the relation of the plates to the pellet will be sullicient to assure passage of the high frequency current through the pellet.

As indicated in Fig. 3, there is attached to the stripper cylinder I1 a bracket 35 carrying a pair of pins 36 and 31 which will extend through the associated ports 38 and 39, the upper pin 31 serving to catch a preformed pellet when it drops down from the stripper cylinder and hold it momentarily in the chute 28 while the lower pin 36 is pushing a pellet such as 4I into the position occupied by a preheated pellet 42, as illustrated. The restoral of the stripper cylinder to the position shown in Fig. 3 will withdraw the two pins, permitting the preformed pellet to fall into the bottom of the preheating chamber. Another stop pin 43 carried by the stripper cylinder will serve to retain one preheated pellet at the position occupied by pellet 42 until the movement of the stripper cylinder to the left enables one pellet 4I to push the other 42 out into the chute 44 to fall into the injection cylinder 45.

An injection pressure cylinder 46 is provided as shown particularly in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, and in which reciprocates a double acting piston (not shown) secured to a piston rod 41 which is employed to inject a preheated pellet of plastic material into a closed die consisting of a stationary die 48 and a movable die 49. As will be explained later, the initial movement of the piston rod 41 in carrying the pellet up to the position of the one or more gates leading into the die will be a rapid movement and thereafter during the forcing of the pellet into the die the piston moves more slowly but with greater pressure to flll the mold cavities and to hold the pressure thereon until the plastic material has set.

After the setting of the material in the mold cavities, either as a result of the normal action of thermosetting materials, or as the result of coolfor closing and locking the'die closed. i This invention is not concerned with the details of construction vof the die, vor the mold cavities therein, or the mold closing or lockingV mechanism employed. Any suitable and well-known mechanism for such parts may be employed. Y

The electrically controlled hydraulic systemfo operating the molding apparatus will now be described, reference being had lnow more particularly to Figs. l and 2. It will be assumed that the machine has lalready'been in oper-ation and that a preheated pellet 42 is lying in the left end vof the preheating chamber 29, in contact with the plates k3| and 32, which do not extendy into the right end of the preheating chamber (Fig. 3). Assume further that when the machine was started the operator had closed the switch 6| y(Fig. 1) which may be any manually controlled switch, but which preferably is a limit switch operated by closing a safety gate indicated as 62 covering the closing position of the die.

. As the gate closes against an adjacent portion 63 of the machine housing, switch 6| operates and energizes a pull type solenoid 64, which is attached to the starting lever 65 by means of which the four way valve 66may, if desired, be manually operated instead of being operated by the solenoid. This operation of valve 66 will direct oil into pipe line 61 to the head end of the dieV closing cylinder 5|.

The pump 69 may be any kone of several wellknown double pump units consisting of a large volume low pressure pump and a Vsmall volume high pressure pump, both continuously driven by 'a motor 1|.

During the initial closing movement ofthe die the delivery of both pumpsis directed to the head end of the cylinder, rapidly closing the die. As the die closing piston arrives toward the end of its stroke, pressure will build up in the cylinder 5 I unloading the large volume low .pressure pump and allowing the small volume khigh pressure pump, in a well-known manner, to continue to deliver oil tothe cylinder until maximum pressure is reached when the die isclosed, at which time oil will be by-passed over thesequence valve 12 through line 13 and check valve 14 to an accumulator tank 15.

When the movable-die 49 has reached the forward end of its stroke an adjustable .cam member 16 carried thereby will contact limit switch 11, energizing solenoid 18 to operate the fouri w-ay valve 19, to direct oil through line 8| to the rod end of cylinder 82, lcausing piston rod 83 to move toward the right from the position shown in Fig. 1. The rocker arm 84, pivotally mounted between its ends at B5 will draw rod 23 towardv the by rod 23.

The same operation of cylinder'z and rod 23 will move the stripper cylinder 11 to 'the left lto allow a preformed. pellet contained `therein to fall-into chute 2.8 where it is stopped part way down by pin 31 which will lat that instant extend intorthe chute. Since the stripper cylinder and bracket 35 move integrally the ejector pin 36 will push -a preform such as 4| toward the left dis- ,placing the preheated preform 42, dropping the latter into the chute 44 and chamber 45 in front of the injector piston 41.

When the piston in cylinder 82 reaches the right hand end of its travel an adjustable dog 86 mounted on the stripper cylinder will contact a limit switch 81 to energize solenoid 83 which operates the four way pilot valve 89, to direct pilot pressure through line 9| to the right hand side of the pilot operated double pressurev four way Valve 92, to shift this valve. When valve 92 is thus shifted, oil will be directed from the accumulator tank through line 93, through valve 92 and line 94 to the head end of injector cylinder 46, to vpropel piston 41 rapidly forward to force a preheated preform toward and into thek die.

The actuation of limit switch 81 by the dog 86 also performs other functions. Not only does it energize solenoid 88, but it also deenergizes solenoid 18 on valve 19, energizes solenoid 95 on valve 19,`starts rthe curing timer 96 and starts the preheating timer 91.

The energizing of solenoid will shift the four way valve 19 to cause the pump delivery to be directed through line 98 tothe head end of cylinder 02`to restore rod 83 to its starting position, thus moving the measuring device to the left, as shown in Figs. 1, ,2, and 3, to drop the measured charge into chute I5 ahead of the preform piston 21.

'I'his same movement of rod 83 will return the stripper I1 to the position shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, which will allow a preformed pellet to drop to the bottom of chute 28.

As above described, the actuation of the limit switch 81, having caused the reversal of the four way valve 19, which returns the stripper I1 to the position shown in Fig. 1, thereby enables an adjustable dog 99 carried by the stripper to actuate a limit switch |0I. When this switch operates it deenergizes solenoid |02 and energizes solenoid I'03,`b0th on four Way valve |09, to shift the valve, directing the delivery of the pump unit through line |05 to the head end of the pellet preform molding cylinder 26, whereupon piston 21 (Fig. 3) will proceed to compress the measured charge of plastic material against the anvil I8 within the stripper cylinder l1 to make the preformed pellet. When a predetermined compression pressure of the pellet is attained, a pressure operated switch |06, of any desired construction (Fig. 1), will be actuated to deenergize solenoid |93 and energize solenoid |02 to shift valve |04 to direct oil through line |01 to return the preform piston to its starting position.

The curing timer 96, which may be of any construction suitable for thepurpose. controls the length ottime the rplastic material is to be kept in the die under pressure of the injection piston and subject tofsuch temperature as may be neces- `sary to bring about the setting of the plastic. When-the timer has measured off the prescribed interval it will deenergize solenoid 88 of pilot valve 89, to direct ythe pilot pressure to the left hand side of valve 92 through line |08 (Fig. 1), reversing this valve and directing delivery of the oil from the pump through line |09 to the rod end of cylinder 46 to return the injection piston to its starting position. The curing timer, simultane- Quslyat the end of the curing period, will energize solenoid I 'l l, thus shifting valve 69, 'to'direct oil through line ||2 to the die closing cylinder to move its piston to the left and open the die.

As stated before, the piston for injecting a preheated pellet into the closed dies moves rapidly toward the dies in the initial part of its movement, but during the process of forcing the plastic material into the die its travel is slowed down, as the pressure builds up. Initially the large volume low pressure pump causes the rapid movement of the piston, but when a predetermined pressure resisting the piston movement is reached oil will be by-passed over the sequence Valve 'l2 to the accumulator tank while the small volume high pressure pump will complete the forward movement of the piston and hold it during the curing interval at high pressure.

The sequence in the movement of the plastic material from the hopper to the dies has been described. This sequence is in fact so regulated that during the curing interval the preliminary steps in the sequential treatment of another pellet will occur so that as soon as the injection piston is withdrawn to the right hand end of its travel the next pellet has been preheated and is ready to drop instantly down in front of the injection piston. Accordingly the rapidity with which products may be molded in the dies and discharged therefrom with my invention is directly related to the length of the curing period. Whereas under ordinary compression molding methods the molding cycle might range from ve to six minutes, the molding cycle for products made in accordance with this invention will usually be in the neighborhood of about two minutes or less, variations of this time interval being necessarily related to the size and character of the product being molded.

In Fig. 2 of the drawings I have indicated the location of pipes such as H3 in the two halves of the die through which a heating fluid may be circulated, or an electric heating element applied, where in the case of thermosetting materials it is necessary to maintain a certain die temperature to prevent premature setting of the thermosetting plastics before they have been completely injected into the mold cavities. materials are being molded by this machine these same pipes may be employed for circulating a cooling fluid to promote the quick setting of the thermoplastic material.

It should now be apparent that in accordance with this invention the molding material in the form of a pellet may be preheated and promptly injected into the dies while in a soft plastic condition so that it may readily ow into all the cavities of the mold to form completely accurate molded products and without any possibility of damaging or dislocating core pins. The rapidity of molding possible with this invention should be apparent. The uniformity of the products is assured by uniform preheating of each pellet and its injection while in a owable condition.

The high frequency electric heating here provided will employ whatever frequencies are advisable for any particular material being treated. As a general example, these frequencies may vary and will often range between 1,000,000 and 15,- 000,000 cycles per second, but other frequencies, if desirable, may be employed. The wall structure of the preheating chamber will preferably be formed of a non-conducting, non-metallic material such as ceramic materials, both for the purpose of insulation and to prevent stray electrical fields.

As shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the two die Where thermoplastic parts 48 and49 arev respectively provided with liquid circulating passages I I3 through which heating and cooling fluids may be circulated for the purpose of controlling the temperature of the two die parts. Thus, in the case where thermosetting materials are being cured in the die, it is necessary to maintain a certain die temperature in order to prevent premature setting of the Athermosetting plastic material before it has been completely injected into the mold cavities of the die. The same conduits which interconnect the passages H3 with a source of heating fluid may also be Vused to direct a cooling fluid through these passages in order to promote the quick setting of moldable thermal setting plastic materials.

`From the following detailed explanation, it will be apparent that in accordance with the present invention, the molding material in the form of a pellet is preheated and promptly injected into the die molding cavities While in a soft plastic condition, so that it may readily ow into all portions of thermold cavities to form completely accurate` products without any possibility of damaging or dislocating core pins. The speed of molding which is obtained by practicing the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed explanation as to the mode of operation of the equipment. Preheating of the pellets is effected through operation of a high frequency generator 282 illustrated in Fig. 8 of the drawings as having its output terminals connected to the two plate electrodes 3| and 32. This generator may have an output frequency ranging from l to 30 megacycles per second, or higher. Preferably, the wall structure of the preheating chamber in which the electrodes 3| and 32 are disposed is formed of a nonconducting, nonmetallic material, such as a ceramic, both for the purpose of insulating the electrodes one from the other, and for the additional purpose of minimizing stray electric elds.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. l and 8 of the drawings, the electro-hydraulic control system for selectively actuating the several double acting piston assemblies 26, 46, 5| and 82 is there illustrated. In brief, the hydraulic facilities of this system comprise a plurality of double acting solenoid operated valves 36, I9 and |04 individually associated with the piston assemblies 5|, 82 and 26 and arranged selectively to direct fluid pressure against the front and back ends of the pistons within these assemblies, and a spring biased, single acting, solenoid operated pilot valve assembly 89 arranged selectively to control a valve 92 in directing fluid pressure against the front and back ends of the injector piston forming a part of the piston assembly 46. Each of the valves 66, 19 and |04 is so constructed that when operated to one setting through energization of one of its solenoids, it remains in that setting independently of its operating solenoids until its other solenoid is energized. Suitable conduits, specifically referred to below, are used to interconnect the described solenoid actuating valves with their respectively associated piston assemblies and with two sources of hydraulic fluid pressure, i. e., a compound pump unit 69 and an accumulator tank 15. The pump unit 69 is arranged to be driven'by a continuously operated motor '1| and comprises a large volume low pressure pump and a small volume high pressure pump arranged to deliver liquid to a common outlet conduit 12a and having a common inlet 12b immersed in a ..9 supply tank 1| a. Several well known types of pump units oi this character are commercially available. The hydraulic liquid within the accumulator tank 15 is normally maintained at a high pressure by the delivery of liquid thereto from the compound pump 69 over a path which includes the sequence Valve 'l2 and the header 13. Such charging of the accumulator tank 15 only occurs when the die closing piston of the assembly 5i occupies its die closing setting in the manner more fully described below.

The electrical facilities of the control system comprise two solenoids 6d. and il individual to the double actingvalve 65, a pair of solenoids 1S and 95 individual to the double acting valve 19, a single solenoid 98 asso-ciated with the pilot '.valve 89, and a pair of solenoids |92 and |93 associated with the double acting valve |04. These solenoids are arranged for selective energization and deenergization in the proper sequence under the control of the twelve relays, the coils of which are illustrated to the left of Fig. 8 of the drawings. These relays, in turn, are arranged for 4selective control by means of limit switches 6|, 11, 8 1 and Inl, which are operated in proper. sequence by the moving parts of the apparatus and are illustrated both in Figs. l and 8 ofthe drawings. Each of thelimit switches 5| and 11 ,is of the type wherein, when its operating arm is actuated, a circuit is momentarily closed therethrough (one second interval) after which the circuit is opened, and when its operating arm is released,v the contacts Yare restored to normal withoutreclosing the circuit through the switch. The other twolimit switches are of the conventional circuit transfer type. Further control of Vthe relay network is obtained through the provision of a uid pressure switch |95 operatively associated with thefluid conduit |95 leading to the head eno` of the piston assembly 26, and three motor vdriven rotary timers 285, 299 and 399. Each of `the timers is spring biased to return to normal when the operating circuit for its driving motor is interrupted. Additional control facilities comprise the five manually operable switches 292 to 295 inclusive, which are provided for manually controlling the energizration of .the control relays on a selective basis. A direct current source, not shown, is employed for energizing the coils of the illustrated relays andrsolenoids, 4those circuit terminals which are identified by the negative polarity signbeing connected to the negative terminal of this source, while those terminals identiedby the positive polarity sign are connected to the positive terminal of the source. Y

In considering the operation of the apparatus and more particularly the control system, the operations resulting from closure of the start or limit-switch El will be considered in the exact sequencefin which they occur, but in order to avoid repetition of the description, it will be assumed that after this switch is closed an operating cycle isin progress which occurs substantially later than the iirst cycle resulting from operation of this switch, It is specifically noted that the switch 6| may be a .manually controlled start switch, but preferably itis a limit switch which is automatically actuated toits closed circuit position when the safety gate 62 is closed. It is also' specifically noted that the relay 249g is normally energized in a circuit which includes the lcontacts 25h and the, upper contacts of the switches 2525, 294, 293 and 292. With this relay energized, the solenoid |62 is normally energized 10 through the contacts 24|g, such that the valve |04 occupies a setting wherein uid pressure is directed to the retracting end of the piston assembly 26 over a path which includes the conduit |01, this fluid pressure being derived from the accumulator tank 15 through the header 13.

When the. limit switch 6| is actuated to start the apparatus, a circuit is momentarily completed through the upper and lower contacts of this switch for energizing the start relay 290er. In operating, this relay closes its contacts 20|a to complete an obvious circuit for energizing the solenoid 64. This solenoid, in operating, shifts the valve t8 so that hydraulic pressure derived from the pump S9 is directed from the sequence valve 12 to the head end of the piston assembly 5| through the conduit 61. Shortly after the valve 66 shifts into the described new setting, the limit switch 6| opens the circuit between its lower contacts, thereby to deenergize the relay 290m In releasing, this relay opens its contacts 29|a to deenergize the solenoid $4.

When hydraulic pressure is thus directed against the head end of the piston within the assembly 5|, the die part 49Vis actuated to close against the stationary die part 48. During the initial closing movement of the die part 49, the delivery of both pumps of the unit 69 is directed to the head end of the piston assembly 5|. As the die part 49 approaches thevend of its stroke, pressure will build up in the cylinder ofV the assembly 5|, thereby to unload the large volume low pressure pump of the pump unit 69 and thus allow the small volume, high pressure pump of this unit to continue the delivery of hydraulic fluid to this cylinder. Thus full closure of the die part 49 against the stationary die part 48 is effected. When the pressure within the cylinder of the assembly 5| builds up to a predetermined value, the sequence valve 12 operates to direct the output from the high pressure pump of the unit 69 tothe header 13 for delivery to the accumulator tank 15.

Incident to the nal closing movement of the die part 49, the adjustable dog 16 carried thereby engages the operating arm of the limit switch 11, thereby to operate this switch to its closedcircuit position wherein a circuit is completed through the upper contacts of the switch 292 forenergizing therelay 2051).

In operating, the relay 205b locks up in a circuit which includes the contacts 236i, 2911) and 81a, and the upper contacts of the two switches 293 and 292. At its contacts 29812, the relay 295b opens a point in the operating circuit for the relay 235i. At its contacts 20617, the relay 2051) completes an obvious circuit for energizing the solenoid 19 of the valve 19. Shortly after the relay 2051) operates to perform the above describedV functions, the limit switch opens the circuit between its lower contacts, thereby to'interrupt the operating circuit for the relay 295i). When the solenoid 18 is energized, the valve 19 is operated to direct hydraulic fluid from the header 13 t-o the left end of the piston assembly 82 over a path which includes the conduit. 8|. The fluid pressurethus directed against the left end of the piston in this. assembly causes the piston rod 83 to be moved to the right from the position shown in Fig., 1 of the drawings, thereby to pivot the rocker arm 85 ina direction to draw the connecting rod 23 `to the left. Movement of this rod to the left is translated into movement of the measuring device to the right to a position wherein the measuring chambervv isfin registry with the ,outlet port 2 of the hopper I.

Such movement of the measuring device is effected through a linkage connection, comprising the rod and the rocker arm 84, which connects the measuring device With the rod 23. The same movement of the rod 23 to the left results in movement of the stripper cylinder I1 to the left to allow a.

preformed pellet of plastic material contained therein to fall into the chute 28. Movement of this pellet through the chute is, however, arrested before the pelletI reaches the lower end of the chute by means of the stop pin 31 which projects into the chute. Since the stripper cylinder |1 and the bracket 35 move in unison, the ejector pin 35 will also act to push a preformed pellet, such as that indicated at 4|, toward the left to displace the preheated pellet 42 from between the electrodes 3| and 32. The displaced pellet 42 is obviously pushed into the chute 44 to fall into the chamber 45 ahead of the injector piston 41.

As the stripper cylinder I1 is moved to the left from its normal position, an adjustabledog 99 carried thereby is moved out of engagement with the actuating arm of the limit switch IBI thus permitting the contacts |0|a of this switch to be opened and the contacts Illlb of this switch to be closed. At the contacts lilla, a point is opened in the operating circuit for the relay 2952i. At

the contacts |0|b, a point is prepared in the 5.

operating circuit for the relay 235f and a locking circuit is prepared for the relay 249g.

As the rod 23 reaches the end of its travel to the left, an adjustable dog 96 carried by the stripper cylinder I1 engages the actuating arm of the limit switch 81 to operate this switch to a position wherein the contacts 81a are open and the contacts 81D are closed. At the contacts 81a, the above traced locking circuit for the relay 20513 is interrupted. At the contacts 81h, a circuit is completed through the upper contacts of the switches 293 and 292 for energizing the relay 2|0c.

In operating, the relay 2|0c closes its contacts 2| Ic to complete a circuit through the upper contacts of the switches 296, 294, 293 and 292 for energizing the relay 260k and the operating motor of the preheat timer 2557 in parallel. At its contacts 2 I 2c, the relay 2 I 9c completes an obvious circuit for energizing the relay 250i. At its contacts 2|4c, the relay 2|0c completes a circuit through the upper contacts of the switches 294, 293 and 292 for energizing the relay 22M and the driving motor of the curing timer 239e in parallel. At its contacts 2|5c, the relay 2|0c prepares the operating circuit for the relay 235f. Thus, it will be apparent that the relay 2 IIJ, in operating, effects the release of the relay 20517 and the operation of the relays 2200i, 250i, 260k, and initiates operation of the two timers 230e and 255g'.

In operating, the relay 260k closes its contacts 26|7c to complete a locking circuit through the timer contacts 256g' for itself and the motor of the timer 2557. At its contacts 262k, the relay 269k completes an obvious circuit for energizing the generator start relay 28071 The latter relay, upon operating, closes its contact 28|?" to initiate operation of the high frequency generator 282. As indicated above, this generator is preferably of the electron tube type, having an output frequency ranging from 1 to 30 megacycles or higher, and having its output terminals connected to the electrode plates 3| and 32 to produce a high frequency electric eld therebetween. This field 12 acts in a well-known manner rapidly and unformly to heat the dielectric plastic pellet 4| forced between the electrodes 3| and 32 by the plunger 36.

The relay 250i, upon operating, opens its contacts 25|z' to interrupt the operating circuit for the relay 240g, but the latter relay remains energized through its locking contacts 242g. At its contacts 252i, the relay 259i prepares the operating circuit for the relay 24571. At its contacts 253i, the relay 250i locks up through the contacts of the pressure switch |06.

As indicated above, the relay 229:1 is energized incident to operation of the relay 2| 9c. Upon operating, the relay 220:1 closes its contacts 222d to shunt the contacts 2|4c and thus complete a locking circuit for itself and the driving motor of the curing timer 230e. At its contacts 22|d, the relay 22nd completes an obvious circuit for energizing the solenoid 88. This solenoid, in operating, shifts the pilot valve 89 to direct fluid pressure through the line 9| to the right end of the four-way valve 92. This uid pressure serves to shift the valve 92 so that hydraulic fluid is directed from the accumulator tank 15 through the conduits 93 and 94 to the head end of the piston assembly E6, thus causing the injector piston 41 to be rapidly moved forward to force the preheated preform 42 toward and into the mold cavity between the die parts 48 and 49.

The relay 29527, in releasing, opens its contacts 20Gb to deenergize the solenoid 18. At its contacts 201D, the relay 2951) opens another point in its own locking circuit. At its contacts 2081), the relay 2651i completes the prepared operating circuit for the relay 2351, this circuit including the contacts 2|5c and Ill Ib, and the upper contacts of the switches 296, 294, 293 and 292.

In operation, the relay 2351 closes its contacts 231f in shunt with the contacts 2|5c and thus completes a locking circuit for itself. At its contacts 236f the relay 235] closes an obvious circuit for energizing the solenoid 95. When the solenoids 95 and 18 are thus energized and deenergized, respectively, the valve 19 is shifted to release the pressure built up against the left end of the piston in the assembly 82 through the conduit 8|, and to direct hydraulic fluid against the right end of this piston through the conduit 98. Thus, the piston rod 83 is actuated to move the rod 23, the stripper cylinder |1, the carriage 35 and the plastic measuring device back to their respective normal positions. As the carriage 35 is moved to the right, to its normal position, the plungers 36 and 31 are withdrawn from the chute 28, permitting the preformed plastic pellet to fall to the bottom of the chute. As the measuring device is moved to the left back to its normal position, the outlet port 2 of the hopper is closed and the charge of powdered plastic material held in the measuring device is discharged into the compression chamber I6.

Incident to the initial movement of the stripper cylinder I1 back to its normal position, the dog 86 is disengaged from the actuating arm of the limit switch 81, thus permitting the contacts 81h to open and the contacts 81a to close. When the contacts 81h are opened, the relay 2|0 is deenergized and restores. When the contacts 81a are closed, locking circuits for the relays 295b and 2151i are reprepared. In releasing, the relay 2|0c opens its contacts 2| lc, 2|2c, 2|4c and 2|5c to interrupt the operating circuits for the relays 269k, 2592', 22911 and 235f, but all of these relays are held operated and the motors of the timers v'zitte-and 2551 are heldenergized over their pre- '2'36fto deenergizethe solenoid 95.y At its contacts 23lf, the relay 2351 opens a point Vin its own locking circuit. The relay` 249g, upon restoring, opens contacts 24 lg to'deenergizefthe solenoid F02. At its lcontacts 2429*-, the relayl 240g opens a point in its own lockingcircuit. The `relay 2457i, in operating, closes its contacts 246k to-complete vanv obvious circuit for energizing the solenoid |03.

When the-solenoids |92 and |13v are deenergized and energized, respectively, the valve |04 is shifted to a setting wherein the hydraulic pressure normally'directed to the left end of the piston assembly 2tY is relieved, and hydraulic pressureisgdirected to the right end of this assembly through'the conduit |95. As a result, the

lcompressionr piston 2l' is'rapidly moved to the left toA compress the measured charge of plastic powder into pellet form Vagainst the end of the anvil i8 and the internal walls of the `stripper cylinder H.

When a predetermined pressure is built up in the Aconduit |95, suflicient to' insure adequate compression of the powdered plastic material into pellet form, the pressure switch |06 is operated and opens its contacts to deenergize the relay 2591'. This relay, in releasing, opens its contacts 252i to deen'ergize the relay 245k. At its contacts-253i, the relay l25911 opens another point in its ownl locking circuit. At its contacts 251i, the relay 250i'recompletes the operating circuit'for theV relay 240g. In releasing, the relay 245h opens its-contacts 29611. to `deenergize the'sol'enoid vri932 Upon reopening, the relay 249g closes its contacts Ziiyto again energize the solenoid |92. At its contacts 242g, the relayr249greprepares its own locking circuit.

When the solenoid |93 is deenergized and the solenoid |92 is reenergized in the manner just explained, the setting ofthe valve |94'is shifted to relieve the hydraulic pressure at the right end of, the piston assembly 29 and to buildup hydraulic pressure at the left end of this assembly. Asa result, the compression piston 2T is rapidly retracted to its home position. Also, release of the pressure in the conduit |95 causes thepressure switch |96 to be'automatically restored to normal wherein its contacts are closed to reprep-are the locking circuit for the relay. 259i.

After the above described operations are vcompleted, the curing timer 239e continues rto operate for the purpose of measuringl the required curing interval. At the end of the measured time interval,` the actuating element of this timer functions to open the normally closed contacts 23|e and to close the normally open contacts 232e. At the contacts 23de, the previously traced operating and locking circuits for the relay 22nd are interrupted. At the contacts 232e a circuit is'completed through the contacts 21m for energizing the relay 265m. In releasing, the relay 22nd opens its contactsv 22|d'to, deenergize the solenoid 88. lit its contacts 2220i, the relay 22M iii 14 opens another point in its own locking circuit and deenergizes the driving motor for the curing timer 239e. The relay 255m, upon operating, closes its contacts 266m to complete an obvious circuit for energizing the solenoid When the rsolenoid 88 is thus deenergized, the setting of the valve 89 is so shifted that pilot pressure is removed from the right end of the valve-.92 andis delivered to the left end of this valve over the conduit |98. In response to this operation, the valve 92 shifts its setting to relieve the hydraulic pressure directed to the right end of the piston assembly 46 and to direct hydraulic pressure to the `left end of this assembly through theconduit |99. As a result of these operations, they injector piston is rapidly withdrawn to its home position. When the solenoid is energized in the manner just explained, the setting ofv the rvalve 66 is shifted so that the hydraulic pressure being directed to the left end of the piston assembly 5| through the conduit 9'! is r'elieved and` hydraulic pressure is directed to the right end of this assembly over the conduit H2. Iny response to theseL operations, the .piston within the assembly 5i is. retracted to. its home position to withdraw the removable die part 99 away from: the stationary die part 33, wherein the molded article may be stripped out of the die part ,48 either manually or automatically; During the initial movement of the die part 49 towaid its home position, the dog 16 is disengaged from the actuating arm of the limit switch 'll thereby to return this limit switch to its Vnormal setting without reclosing the circuit theref through;

Immediately the driving motor of the curing timer 239e is deenergized in the manner eX- plainedzabove, the restoring spring of the timer starts Yto restore the timer to its normal setting. Incident to this operation and shortly after the solenoid is energized, the timer contacts 232e are opened and the contacts 295e are closed. When the contacts 232e are opened, the relay 295m; is deenergized. When the contacts 23|e are reclosed, the operating circuit for the relay '22M is. reprepared. Inreieasing, the relay 265m opens its contacts 296m to deenergize the solenoid After the above described operations are completedy and when the preheat timer 2555i completes its timingcycle, the contacts 2567' thereof are opened and the contacts 2517' are closed. At the contacts 255i, the relay 299k and the driving motor of the timer 2557' are deenergized. Upon restoring, the relay 299k opens its contacts Zlilk: further to interrupt the locking circuit for itself and the driving moto-r for the timer 2551'. At its contacts 252k, the relay 299k deenergizes the generator start relay Z997. 'I'he latter relay, upon restoring, opens its contacts 29h' to interrupt the start circuit for the high frequency generator 282 and thus arrest operation of this generator. Shortlyafter the described relay operations are completed, the timer 255j isactuated to its normal or home setting under the innuence oi its restoring spring, in preparation for a new operating cycle. As it is initially moved toward this setting, the contacts 2595i thereof are reclosed and the contacts Z519' thereof are opened. Thus the control equipment is restored to normal in preparation for a new operating cycle of the machine. To initiate` this new cycle it is necessary for the machine operator to reoperate `the switch 5| to its closed circuit posigizon by manually opening and. closing the gate As indicated above, the contacts 2517 are momentarily closed by the timer 2557 when this timer times out to terminate the pellet preheating. Closure of these contacts serves to initiate operation of the safety timer 21011 having the function of preventing the preheated pellet from being injected into the mold cavity of the die parts after it has been allowed to cool for a predetermined time interval. This feature is provided in the control circuit to prevent a pellet which has been preheated and then allowed to set and harden from being forced into the mold cavity with resultant damage to the die parts.

Specifically, when the contacts 2517' are closed by the timer 255i, the relay 21519 and the driving motor for the timer 2101i are energized in parallel over a circuit which includes the upper contacts of the switches 295, 294, 293 and 292. In operating, the relay 215 closes its contacts 21Sp to complete a locking circuit through the contacts 81a and the upper contacts of the switches 92 and 93 for itself and the driving motor of the timer 2101i. Thus operation of the timer 219WI is continued after the timer 255i opens its contacts 251i and restores to normal.

In the normal use of the machine, the safety timer 2101i is not allowed to time out. On the contrary the operator should, under normal circumstances, recycle the machine long before the timer 2101i completes its time measuring function. Shortly after the new operating cycle of the machine is started, the limit switch 81 is operated to open its contacts 81a, thereby to deenergize the relay 21510 and the driving motor of the safety timer 2191i. In releasing, the relay 21511 opens its contacts '21610 further to interrupt the locking circuit for itself and the driving motor of the timer 21011. When this motor is deenergized, the timer 2191i is restored to normal under the influence of its restoring spring, without operation of the contacts 21In and 212n. Thus it will be understood that if the operating cycles of the machine follow each other with sufcient rapidity, the safety timer is not permitted to time out and hence performs no active function in the operation of the machine.

If on the other hand the machine operator fails to open and close the safety gate 62 to initiate a new operating cycle of the machine within the time interval measured by the safety timer 21011., this timer upon timing out, opens its contacts 21m to interrupt a common point in the operating and locking circuits for the relay 220i and. a point in the above traced operating circuit fcr the relay 265m. At its contacts 212m., the timer Elim completes a circuit through the upper contacts of the switches 296, 294, 293 and 292 for energizing the relay 205m. This relay, in operating, closes its contacts 266m to energize the solenoid III, whereby the die part 49 is locked in its open position. Thus, with this solenoid energized, operation of the gate switch 6I to produce sequential energization of the relay Zlla and the solenoid 64 is without effect to shift the setting of the valve 66. Accordingly, the limit switches 'l1' and 81 cannot be operated to continue the operating cycle of the machine. If desired, the timer 21911, may also be used in an obvious manner to control a signal device, such, for example, as a bell, to indicate that the cooled pellet in the channel 45 of the machine must be ejected before cyclic operation of the machine may be resumed.

In order to eject the cooled and hardened pellet from the channel 45 of the machine, it is necessary for the machine operator to actuate the injector forward switch 292. In response to this operation, the relay 2151) is deenergized and a circuit is completed through the lower contacts of the switch 292 for energizing the relay 205i). The relay 2151:, upon restoring, opens its contacts 216:0 further to interrupt the locking circuit for itself and the motor of the timer 2101i. When this motor is thus deenergized, it opens its contacts 212 further to interrupt the alternative operating circuit for the relay 265m. At its contacts 21m the timer 2101i reprepares the operating circuit for the relay 22011.

In operating, the relay 2051) closes its contacts 20117 to sustain the energization of the relay 215p and the driving motor of the safety timer 21011, and to prepare a locking circuit for itself. At its contacts 206D, the relay 205b energizes the solenoid 18 to shift the setting of the valve 19 so that the rod 23 is actuated to move the measuring device 3, the stripper cylinder I1, and the arm 35 to their respective forward positions in the manner previously explained. Concurrently with the operation of the switch 292 to perform the functions just described, the upper contacts of this switch are opened to prevent energization of any of the relays 2I0c, 220:1, 2351*, 245h, 250i, 260k, and 2801, to deenergize the relays 265m and 240g, and to prevent energization of the driving motors of the timer 230e and 255i. Thus the operation of the limit switches IIII and 81 which occurs incident to movement of the stripper cylinder I1 away from its normal position is without immediate effect. The release of the relay 240g is without effect. The relay 265m, in restoring, opens its contacts 266m to deenergize the solenoid I I I and thus permit the valve 56 to be shifted by the solenoid 64. When the switch 292 is released to open its lower contacts and reclose the circuit through its upper contacts, the relay 2I0c is immediately energized through the contacts 81h of the limit switch 81. concurrently therewith, the relay 240g is reoperated and the relays 2051) and 2151) are deenergized and restore. In releasing, the relay 205D opens its contacts 20Gb to deenergize the solenoid 18. At its contacts 20117, the relay 20517 opens another point in the locking circuit for the relay 2157; and the driving motor of the safety timer 2101i. When the relay 2I0c is energized, the control circuit is conditioned to cause the machine to continue the initiated operating cycle thereof in a manner which will be fully apparent from the preceeding explanation. Thus it will be noted that when the injector forward switch 292 is operated, an operating cycle of the machine is initiated which is complete except for the omission of the step of closing the die parts 49 and 48. Incident to operation of the injector piston 41 which occurs in this operating cycle the cooled pellet lying in the channel 45 of the machine is ejected through the open face of the die part 48 in an obvious manner. Thus, it will be apparent that the safety timer 21071. coacts with the other circuit components of the control system to prevent a cooled and hardened pellet from being injected into the mold cavity of the die parts.

The manner in which the remaining four switches 293, 294, 295, and 296 may selectively be operated for the purpose of selectively con.- trolling the different operating pistons of the machine will be substantially apparent from the preceding description. Thus, if it is desired to return the injector piston 41 to its normal set- '17' ting, .to interrupt a molding .oper-ation in progress .during the interval when thecuring timer 239e istiming out, the injectorreturn switchl 293 may be operated. In response to this. operation, the upper contacts of the. switchare opened to deenergize any energized ',ones vof the circuit components shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings. At the lower contacts of. the switch V293 a circuit iscompleted through the contacts 2981i. for energizing the relay 235i. This relay, in operating, closes its contacts 236f to energize the s olenoid 95 and thus shift ,the setting ofthe Valve 19 sorthat positioning-of the rod23 andthe parts actuated thereby in their. respective normal positions is. assured following release of the switch 293. 4Incident to the release of the relay 22nd, which occnrs when the switch 293, is operated, the contacts 22H1` are opened to deenergize the solenoid 88 and thus shift the setting of the valve 92 to effectretraction yof the. piston 41 to its normal or home position. After the injector return switch isreleased all par-ts of the circuit are at Formal Again, if it is desired to operate the injector piston 41 forward, this may be accomplished by .operating the mold forward switchv 294 to eiect `,direct energization of the relay 22M followed by venergization of the solenoid 88. In this ease also,

those circuit components shown below the relay '.2'20d`inFigr8 of thedrawings which may be energized .at the time the switch 2 94 is operated are .all deenergized in response to operation of this switch. The two switches 295 and 296 are proyidedfor the purposeof selectively controlling the preform piston 21. Thus ifthe preform vforward switch 295 is operated, the relay 245k. is energized and closes its contacts 24671, to energize lthe solenoid |93, thereby to operate the piston 21 forward in the manner explained above. `On

`the other hand, if the preform return switch 295 is operated, a circuit is completed for energizing `the relay 240g which relay, in. operating, closes its contacts 24|g to energize the solenoid |92, whereby the .piston 21 is retracted .to its some position. Itl will be noted that the two switches 295 andk 296 are electrically interlocked sov that only one of the two relays 249g and 245k maybe energized therethrough at any given instant, thus preventing simultaneous energization ,of the two solenoids |92 and |93. It will .alsobe understood that these two switches are. normally not operated except under special circumstances when cyclic operation vof the .machine in the above described-.manner is not desired.

In the event fully automatic operation of the .relay 290:1., and the limit switch .9| may be mechanically arranged forv operationV when the die part 49 is operated to its retracted Oropen setting at the end of each operating cycle of the ,machina In such case, a circuit for energizing "the relay 2|J|lar is momentarily closed through the .contacts of the switch 6| each time the die parts are opened `to complete aV molding cycle. Asian adjunct to this combination, it is also necessary to provide'a self-restoring start switch connected 'in parallel with the switch 6| for independently closingr the operating circuit for ther-clayv 206e afterthe series connected gate switch isopened :Ito terminate operation of the machine and then `.reclosedftov recondition i the machine for further Vpellet are concurrently effected.

operataion.V vlliith this arrangement, momentary operation of the start switch paralleling the limit switch 5| is effective to initiate the operation on the machine, following which it continues to recycle itself in a manner which will be fully apparent from the preceding explanation.

From the above explanation it will be understood that the sequence of movements of the granular plastic material froml the hopper to the diesis so regulated that during the. curing interval required for curing one article, the preliminary steps inv the sequential treatment of another Thus immediately the injector piston is withdrawn to the right hand endV of its travel, a pellet whichV has .been preheated is ready to drop instantly down infront of the injector piston. The rapidity with which products may be molded in the dies and discharged therefrom is, therefore, directly related to the length of the curing period, Wherevas with ordinary compression molding methods. .ther curing interval may rangeA from 10 to 15 minutes, the curing interval for products made in accordance Ywith this invention will usually be .1. A cyclically operative. plastic `molding `ma- .chin'e comprising, in combination, a molding die,

--pellet vforming means forv forming a pelletl of plastic materiaLhigh frequency electric. heating` means for heating a pellet formed `by said pellet Aforming means, means `for injecting each preheatedpellet: into .said l,molding die, control :.means.'V means responsive to .operation ofv said control .means for operating said injecting means to inject a'preheated pelletinto said molding die,

I means responsive to operation of ysaid last-named means for operating .said heating means to. pre- .heat a pellet for. injection into. said molding die during av later :operating `cyclelof the machine, .andzmeansvresponsiye tooperation of saidv lastnamed'rmeans .for operating ysaid pellet forming means to. form a pellet which is adapted to Vbe 'preheated nby. said heating means and: then iniectedi into said moldingdie by said injecting `1means during twotsuccessively later operating cyclesof said'machine..

-. 2."y A .plastic molding ,machine .comprisingrela- Atively movable `dierlparts having a mold cavity therebetween, Ameans for opening :and .closing said die parts', means operated in timed sequence with the closingxof fsaidudie parts for automatically `injecting a 'charge 0f plastic .material .into `said ".'mold cavity each time said diefparts are closed, high frequencyV electric heating means for .pre-

heating .each .charge of plastic materialbefore it' `'is injected into said mold cavity, means `responsive to operationifiof fsa-id first-'named means i for initiating the operation of said heatingirneans,

- and'timirig vmeans operable to. terminate :opera- 4vtionrof xsaid'heating means` a predetermined time Ufsaid last-named means. Y A A 3l.friilaisticfr-n'olding machine comprising relai tively '-.rr'iovablel'die "parts havingia :moldf'lcavity .f therebetween,` means for opening and closing said Idie parts, means? operated-in.timedy sequence with 'interval afteri operationthereof is .initiated by the closing of said die parts for automatically injecting a charge of plastic material into said mold cavity each time said die parts are closed, high frequency electric heating means automatically controlled to preheat each prepared charge of plastic material before it is injected into said mold cavity, and means for preventing a charge of said plastic material which has been preheated and then allowed to cool below a predetermined temperature from being injected into said cavity.

4. A plastic molding machine comprising relatively movable die parts having a mold cavity therebetween, automatic means for opening and closing said dies, means for injecting a charge of plastic material into said mold cavity each time said die parts are closed, means automatically operated in timed sequence with the opening and closing of said die parts for preparing a charge of plastic material for injection into said cavity each time said die parts are closed, high frequency electric heating means adapted to be energized to preheat each prepared charge before it is injected into said mold cavity, and energization control means responsive to operation of one of the preceding-named means to energize said heating means for a predetermined time interval and then de-energize said heating means.

5. A plastic molding machine comprising relatively movable die parts having a mold cavity therebetween, automatic means for opening and closing said dies, means for injecting a charge of plastic material into said mold cavity each time said die parts are closed, means automatically operated in timed sequence with the opening and closing of said die parts for preparing a charge of plastic material for injection into said cavity each time said die parts are closed, high frequency electric heating means for preheating each prepared charge before it is injected into said cavity, and means for preventing a charge of said plastic material which has been preheated and then allowed to cool below a predetermined temperature from being injected into said cavity.

6. A unitary and cyclically operative plastic molding machine for thermosetting materials comprising means for measuring and delivering a measured charge of said material for a. pellet forming operation, hydraulic propelled means for compressing each charge into a pellet, high frequency electrical heating means for preheating each pellet to a temperature just below its thermosetting temperature, a pair of die members and reversible hydraulic means for closing them prior to charging, reversible hydraulic means for injecting a preheated pellet into the closed die members, means for regulating the time of preheating of each pellet, curing timing means for regulating the duration of curing of each mold charge in the die members, and an electrically controlled valve system in part controlled by said curing timing means and in part sequenced by the other preceding named means for regulating the distribution of propelling and reversing hydraulic pressure fluids to each of said hydraulic means during each operating cycle of the machine.

7. In a machine for molding plastic thermosetting materials, means for preforming pellets of said plastic material, high frequency electrical heating means for preheating each pellet to a temperature range just below its thermosetting reaction temperature range, die members and means for closing them prior to charging, means for injecting a preheated pellet intothe closed die members, and means for opening said die mem-f bers at the end of each molding operation, and means for preventing reclosure of said die members in response to the lapse of a predetermined time period during which said die members stand open and which starts with termination of pellet preheating.

8. A plastic molding machine comprising stationary and movable die means, hydraulic means for moving the movable die means, a storage chamber for plastic materials, movable charge measuring means for receiving a measured quantity of material from said storage means, hydraulic means for moving the measuring means between filling and discharge positions thereof, hydraulic propelled means for compressing the measured charge of plastic material into a pellet, means defining a heating zone, means for discharging a preformed pellet to said heating zone, high frequency electrical means for heating said pellet while in said zone, means defining an injection chamber, means for transferring a pellet into said heating zone and for discharging it therefrom to said injection chamber, said injection chamber having communication with the closed dies, hydraulic means for injecting a preheated pellet from said chamber into said dies and for temporarily holding it there under pressure, a timer for controlling said heating means, a curing timer for regulating the duration of the curing of the plastic material in said dies, and electrically controlled valves for distributing and regulating the application of hydraulic pressure uid to all of the foregoing hydraulic means.

9. A plastic molding machine comprising adie having a movable portion and hydraulic means for opening and closing said die portion, a supply hopper for plastic material, a measuring device for receiving, measuring, and transferring a measured charge of said material, hydraulic means for receiving and compressing into a preformed pellet said measured charge, means controlled by the compressing pressure of the preforming means for limiting its compression movement, high frequency electrical heating means for preheating nearly to thermosetting temperatures pellets preformed from thermosetting plastics, hydraulically propelled means for effecting transfer of a preformed pellet into said heating means and ejecting it therefrom, a single reversible hydraulic means for actuating said measuring device and pellet transfer means, reversible hydraulic means for injecting a preheated pellet into the dies when closed, a preheating timer for controlling the duration of the preheating of each pellet, a curing timer controlling the retention of each injected charge in the dies, a source of propelling and reversing fluid, valve means for distributing propelling and reversing pressure fluid from said source to each of saidhydraulic means, and electrical means for controlling the shifting of said valves under control of said curing timer.

10. A plastic molding machine comprising a die and hydraulic means for opening and closing the same, a storage hopper for plastic materialyan adjustable measuring device for receiving from the hopper for measuring a charge of plastic material and transferring it therefrom, hydraulic actuated means for receiving and compressing into a pellet said measured charge, high frequency electrical heating means for preheating said pellet to a plastic condition, pellet handling means for receiving the preformed pellet, for insertingit into said heating means and ejecting it therefrom,

hydraulic means for propelling said measuring device and pellet handling means, hydraulic .propelled-'means for injecting apreheated pellet` into the'diesiwheneclosedt and for: holding the Jplastic material 'funderipressure' :therein untilicured, electr-ical timing. means forccontrolling :thexiuration bflsaid 1 preheatingf another ielectricalltiming means-for lregulatingy the duration ofcthecuring period and iforf controlling the. l.discharge-.Lofthe moldedfaproduct from-.;,the. diesen` common, hydraulic duid @supply-system -forfy all. .of said hydraulic :meansg and' electrically s controlled. valve means for automaticallydistributing inf-sequence the'actuating pressure'l fluid. to ,-thefmeans for operating the v1 dies; l- '-thei me'asuring.. device, #the pellet forming 'mechanisinfffpellet handling-means, and 'the' injection" me'ans` 11. A plastic molding machine comprising dies and hydraulic--means-for opening and closing the same, a storage hopper for-plastic-material, =an adjustable measuring device for receivingfrom the hopper for measuring a charge of plastic material and transferring -it therefrom,hydraulic actuated means for receiving and compressing linto apellet said measured charge, high frequency electricalheating means forrpreheating said pellet tofa plastic condition, pellet handling means for-receiving the preformed pellet, for` inserting it into said heating means and ejecting it there- -from,'=hydraulic meansfor propelling said measuring device and pellet handling,means,-hydrau1ic propelled means for injecting a 4preheated pellet into the dies when, closed-and for holding the plastic material under pressurethereinjnuntil cured,-elctrical timing means for vcontrollingy the duration of said preheating, another electrical timing means for'regulating the duration of the curingperiod and' for l control-ling the discharge offthe: moldediproduct from Ythe dies,v` a .common hydraulic uid supply `systemfifor all of-asaidh'y'- draulic means, and means for locking said dies in an open position in response to the lapse of a predetermined time period during which said dies stand op'en and which starts with termination of pellet preheating.

. 12. A cyclically operative plastic molding machine comprising means defining a molding member, means for forming at least one measured charge of plastic material during each operating cycle of the machine, means for preheating each charge formed during one operating cycle of the machine during a succeeding operating cycle of the machine, means for transferring charges formed by said charge forming means to said charge heating means, means for injecting each charge preheating during one operating cycle of the Amachine into said molding chamber during the next :succeeding operating cycle of the machine, control means, and means responsive to operation of saidvfcpntrol means for effecting at leastpnelcomplete operating cycle of the machine to produce sequencledperation of said precedingnamed meansin a predetermined order.

13. A cyclically operative` plastic molding machine comprising manually operable means for initiating each machine operating cycle, relatively movable die parts having a molding chamber therebetween, means for closing and then opening said die parts during each operating cycle of the machine, means for forming a measured vcharge of plastic material into a pellet during each operating cycle of the machine, means for preheating during each operating cycle of the machine a pellet formed during a preceding oping into's'aid molding chamber during each operating cycleof the machine the pellet preheated during thepreceding operating cycleof the machine,v andtime.y controlled means forlocking said diegparts'.openlineresponselto .the lapse of apredetermined;y timeainterval during which said die partsstandopenzand rwhich starts with termination of each pellet preheating interval., s 14.11A cyclicallyfoperative .plastic moldingv ma chine comprising manually operable means for initiatinggeach machine operating cycle, relativelymovabledieparts havinga molding chambergtherebetween, meansY for closing and then opening fsaid ;die. parts. during eachV operating .cycle .ofthe machine,v means for forming a measured charge. of;p1astic material into a pellet dur-v ing each-.operating .cyclek of the machine, means for. preheatinglvduring each operating cycle, of Athezmachinea. pellet; formed duringv a preceding operating-cycleof .the machine, means for iniiectinglinto :said molding chamber during each operating cycle ofnlthermachine the .pellet preheated?duringlthepreceding operating cycle of the; machine,.time. controlled means for locking saidldiel-:parts open. in response to the lapse of afspredeterminedltimeperiod during which said die parts stand 4`open and which starts with terminationlof; each .pellet .preheating interval, and manually operablemeans for controlling said in- :jectingm'eans to eject the cooled pellet while saidxdie parts remain open. i

15.,"An automatically sequenced cyclically. op- ;e'rative :plastic molding machine comprising meansdeninga pellet forming chamber, an njectionchamber. and a molding chamber, transferrzmeans vfor successively transferring pellets .rof:plasticzvmaterial formed in saidforming cham- -benlz-to: said;` injection chamber and then to .saidf-moldiing;zchamber,v Iand intercoacting and fentirelyeautomatic sequencing means forA control- .ling saidiztransfer means to subject each pellet to a different transfer operation during successive operating'cycles of the machine and to effect pellet transfer to each of said injection and molding chambers during each operating cycle of the machine.

16. An automatically sequenced and cyclically operative plastic molding machine comprising means defining a pellet forming chamber, an injection chamber and a molding chamber, transfer means for successively transferring pellets of plastic material formed in said forming chamber to said injection chamber and then to said molding chamber, means for controlling said transfer means to subject each pellet to a different transfer operation during successive operating cycles of theA machine and to effectpellet transfer to each of said injection and molding chambers during eachoperating cycle of the machine, and high frequency electric heating means controlled by said last-named means to preheat each formed pellet of plastic material during its transfer from said forming chamber to said injection chamber.

17. A cyclically operative plastic molding machine comprising means dening a pellet forming chamber, a pellet preheating chamber, an injection chamber and a molding chamber, control means, transfer means responsive to opera-Iv tion of said control means for transferring .a formed pellet of plastic material from said forming chamber to said preheating chamber and for measuring a charge cf plastic material for delivery to said forming chamber and for effecting erating cycle of the machine, means for injecttransfer of a preheated pellet to said injection chamber, high-frequency electric heatingmeans responsive to operation of at least a part of said transfer means forpreheating the pellet transf ferred to said preheating chamber, and means responsive tooperation of at least apart of said transfer means for injecting the preheated pellet from vsaid injection chamber into said molding chamber. l l 18. A cyclically operative plastic,molding machine comprising relatively movable molding. dies, hydraulic means for opening and closing said dies, a storage chamber for plastic materials, hydraulic actuated pellet forming means for compressing a measured charge of plastic material into a pellet, hydraulic actuated means for receiving `a measured charge of plastic material from said storage chamber and fordelivering the measured charge to said pellet forming means, hydraulically actuated injecting means for injecting the formed pellets into said dies one at a time, hydraulically actuated transfer means for transferring each pellet formed by said pellet forming means to a. position to be injected into said dies by said injecting means, heating means for preheating each pellet during an interim period between transfer operations by said transfer means, timing means for controlling the duration of the preheating intervals, and electrical means in part controlled by at least apart of the preceding named means for causing said preceding named means to operate in-a predetermined sequence during each operating cycle of said machine.

19. A unitary and cyclically operative plastic molding machine for thermosetting materials comprising means for measuring and delivering a-.measured charge of said-material for a preforming operation, hydraulic propelled means for compressing each charge during its preforming operation, high frequency electrical heating means for preheating preformed charges to a temperature just below the thermosetting tem- 24 peraturethereofapair of die members andrea versible hydraulic ,means for, closingthem prior to..charging, reversible hydraulic means for .injecting at least onepreheated preformed charge into., the.closed die 4members during. .each op. erating. cycle of..A ,theA machine, means for regulating the time of `preheating of .the preformed charges, curing .timing means for regulating the durationofxcuring of each mold charge in the diemembers, and an electrically controlledyalve system in part. controlled by y said curing `timing means andin ,part sequenced by the other precedingnamed means for regulating the distribution ofpropelling andreversing hydraulic pres.- sure fluids toeach of said hydraulic means during eachoperating cycle of the machine.

RAYMOND M. ALDEN.`

A' l RFRENCES' CITED Thee following references are of record in the leof' this patent: f `UN1TED`STATs PATENTS Number Moran et al.: Short Waves and Transfer Molding from Mordern Plastics, pp.4 116, 117, 118, 166, 168, vJune l1944.'Ele. LI-Ie'at Dig. f 

